Java^TM Sound Programmer Guide

Preface

For Whom This Guide Is Intended

What this Guide Describes

For More Information

Chapter: 1 Introduction to the Java Sound API

Design Goals

Who is the Java Sound API For?

How Does the Java Sound API Relate to Other Interfaces?

Packages

Sampled Audio

What Is Sampled Audio?

Audio Configurations

MIDI

What Is MIDI?

MIDI Configurations

Service Provider Interfaces

Chapter 2: Overview of the Sampled Package

Design Goals

A Focus on Data Transport

Buffered and Unbuffered Handling of Audio

The Essentials: Format, Mixer, and Line

What Is Formatted Audio Data?

What Is a Mixer?

What Is a Line?

Lines in an Audio-output Configuration

Lines in an Audio-input Configuration

The Line Interface Hierarchy

Chapter 3: Accessing Audio System Resources

The AudioSystem Class

Information Objects

Getting a Mixer

Getting a Line of a Desired Type

Getting a Line Directly from the AudioSystem

Getting a Line from a Mixer

Selecting Input and Output Ports

Permission to Use Audio Resources

Chapter 4: Playing Back Audio

Using a Clip

Setting Up the Clip for Playback

Starting and Stopping Playback

Using a SourceDataLine

Setting Up the SourceDataLine for Playback

Starting and Stopping Playback

Monitoring a Line's Status

Synchronizing Playback on Multiple Lines

Processing the Outgoing Audio

Chapter 5: Capturing Audio

Setting Up a TargetDataLine

Reading the Data from the TargetDataLine

Monitoring the Line's Status

Processing the Incoming Audio

Chapter 6: Processing Audio with Controls

Introduction to Controls

Getting a Line that Has the Desired Controls

Getting the Controls from the Line

Using a Control to Change the Audio Signal

Controlling a Line's Mute State

Changing a Line's Volume

Selecting among Various Reverberation Presets

Manipulating the Audio Data Directly

Chapter 7: Using Files and Format Converters

Reading Sound Files

Writing Sound Files

Converting File and Data Formats

Converting from One File Format to Another

Converting Audio between Different Data Formats

Learning What Conversions Are Available

Chapter 8: Overview of the MIDI Package

A MIDI Refresher: Wires and Files

Streaming Data in the MIDI Wire Protocol

Sequenced Data in Standard MIDI Files

The Java Sound API's Representation of MIDI Data

MIDI Messages

MIDI Events

Sequences and Tracks

The Java Sound API's Representation of MIDI Devices

The MidiDevice Interface

Transmitters and Receivers

Sequencers

Synthesizers

Chapter 9: Accessing MIDI System Resources

The MidiSystem Class

Obtaining Default Devices

Learning What Devices Are Installed

Obtaining a Desired Device

Opening Devices

Chapter 10: Transmitting and Receiving MIDI Messages

Understanding Devices, Transmitters, and Receivers

Sending a Message to a Receiver without Using a Transmitter

Understanding Time Stamps

Time Stamps on Messages Sent to Devices

Connecting Transmitters to Receivers

Connecting to a Single Device

Connecting to More than One Device

Closing Connections

Chapter 11: Playing, Recording, and Editing MIDI Sequences

Introduction to Sequencers

When to Use a Sequencer

Understanding Sequence Data

Sequences and Tracks

MidiEvents and Ticks

Overview of Sequencer Methods

Obtaining a Sequencer

Loading a Sequence

Playing a Sequence

Recording and Saving Sequences

Editing a Sequence

Using Advanced Sequencer Features

Moving to an Arbitrary Position in the Sequence

Changing the Playback Speed

Muting or Soloing Individual
Tracks in the Sequence

Synchronizing with Other MIDI Devices

Specifying Special Event Listeners

Chapter 12: Synthesizing Sound

Understanding MIDI Synthesis

Instruments

Channels

Soundbanks and Patches

Voices

Managing Instruments and Soundbanks

Learning What Instruments Are Loaded

Loading Different Instruments

Unloading Instruments

Accessing Soundbank Resources

Querying the Synthesizer's Capabilities and Current State

Using Channels

Controlling the Synthesizer without
Using a Sequencer

Getting a Channel's Current State

Muting and Soloing a Channel

Permission to Play Synthesized Sound

Chapter 13: Introduction to the Service Provider Interfaces

What Are Services?

How Services Work

How Providers Prepare New Services

How Users Install New Services

Chapter 14: Providing Sampled-Audio Services

Introduction

Providing Audio File-Writing Services

Providing Audio File-Reading Services

Providing Format-Conversion Services

Providing New Types of Mixers

Chapter 15: Providing MIDI Services

Introduction

Providing MIDI File-Writing Services

Providing MIDI File-Reading Services

Providing Particular MIDI Devices

Providing Soundbank File-Reading Services

Appendix 1: Code Overview: AudioSystem.java

Appendix 2: sound.properties File